Moody’s Investors Service on Thursday said the credit downturn arising out of Covid-19 will be short-lived but most economies will not return to pre-pandemic activity levels until 2022.

In the year since the World Health Organisation (WHO) declared Covid-19 a pandemic on March 11, 2020, the virus has disrupted the global economy and triggered a credit downturn accompanied by a spike in bond defaults.

“The credit challenges arising from Covid-19 have been substantial, but the credit downturn likely will be relatively short-lived. Risks remain more significant for the sectors most vulnerable to restrictions on their normal activities,” Moody’s says in a global report on Coronavirus.

Stating that most economies will not return to the pre-pandemic activity levels until 2022, the rating agency says it expects a slow and bumpy global recovery, and uncertainty around the macroeconomic outlook remains much higher than usual.

Policy actions will continue to support economic activity and financial markets after the pandemic has eased, it says. Policymakers will continue to support economic activity long after the pandemic has faded, in some cases for years.

Moody’s expects the incidence and prevalence of the pandemic to gradually decline over the course of this year as vaccination numbers rise. In turn, this will allow the governments to gradually ease lockdown measures.

However, a residual level of Covid-19 likely will persist over time, raising the prospect of global pockets of risk in regions where vaccination progress is slow, and of localised outbreaks.

“In addition, new mutations that increase the virulence or spread of the virus pose a key risk to efforts to normalise conditions. Rather than eliminating the virus, we expect to ‘learn to live with it’ at low case rates,” it says.

In India, fresh outbreak of Covid-19 has forced the Maharashtra government to clamp lockdown on Nagpur from March 15 to 21. Maharashtra, Kerala, Punjab, Karnataka, Gujarat and Tamil Nadu continue to report a high number of fresh Covid cases and together account for 85.91 per cent of the new cases of the Coronavirus infection reported in the country in a span of 24 hours, according to the Union health ministry.